GENETIC AND PHYSIOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION OF DIABETES SUSCEPTIBILITY WITH RAISED NA+/H+ EXCHANGE ACTIVITY

Morahan, G; McClive, P; Huang, DX; LITTLE, P; BAXTER, A

Author(s): Morahan, G; McClive, P; Huang, DX; LITTLE, P; BAXTER, A;
Details: Publication Year 1994-06-21,Volume 91,Issue #13,Page 5898-5902
Journal Title: PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
Publication Type: Journal Article
Abstract: Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus is a multigenic autoimmune disease, for which one of the best animal models is the nonobese diabetic (NOD) mouse strain. In both humans and NOD mice, major histocompatibility complex genes are implicated as risk factors in the disease process. Other susceptibility genes are also involved, and a number have been mapped in the mouse to specific chromosomal locations. To identify further susceptibility genes, diabetic backcross mite, produced after crossing NOD/Lt to the nondiabetic strains SJL and C57BL/6 (B6), were examined for markers not previously associated with disease susceptibility. Linkage was found to loci on chromosomes 4 and 14. Of the candidate loci on chromosome 4, the gene encoding the Na+/H+ exchanger-1, Nhe-1, was the most likely, since the NOD allele was different from that of both nondiabetic strains. NOD lymphocytes were found to have a higher level of Na+/H+ exchange activity than lymphocytes from either B6 or SJL mice. Since the chromosome 4 susceptibility gene is recessive, the B6 allele should prevent diabetes. This prediction was tested in fourth-generation backcross mice, selected for retention of the B6 allele at Nhe-1. Mice homozygous for Nhe-1 developed diabetes after cyclophosphamide treatment, but heterozygotes were largely protected from disease. These results implicate the Na+/H+ exchanger (antiporter) in the development of type 1 diabetes and may provide a screening test for at-risk individuals as web as offering prospects for disease prevention.
Publisher: NATL ACAD SCIENCES
Keywords: MICE; MOUSE; INSULIN; CYCLOPHOSPHAMIDE; CHROMOSOME-14; EXPRESSION; MELLITUS; RECEPTOR; MAPS
Publisher's Version: https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.91.13.5898
Terms of Use/Rights Notice: Refer to copyright notice on published article.

Creation Date: 1994-06-21 12:00:00