A new approach for diagnosing type 1 diabetes in autoantibody-positive individuals based on prediction and natural history

Sosenko, JM; Skyler, JS; DiMeglio, LA; Beam, CA; Krischer, JP; Greenbaum, CJ; Boulware, D; Rafkin, LE; Matheson, D; HEROLD, KC; Mahon, J; Palmer, JP; Type 1 Diabetes TrialNet Study, Group; Diabetes Prevention Trial-Type 1 Study, Group; includes Harrison, LC

Author(s): Sosenko, JM; Skyler, JS; DiMeglio, LA; Beam, CA; Krischer, JP; Greenbaum, CJ; Boulware, D; Rafkin, LE; Matheson, D; HEROLD, KC; Mahon, J; Palmer, JP; Type 1 Diabetes TrialNet Study, Group; Diabetes Prevention Trial-Type 1 Study, Group; includes Harrison, LC;
Details: Publication Year 2015-02,Volume 38,Issue #2,Page 271-6
Journal Title: Diabetes Care
Publication Type: Journal Article
Abstract: OBJECTIVE: We assessed whether type 1 diabetes (T1D) can be diagnosed earlier using a new approach based on prediction and natural history in autoantibody-positive individuals. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: Diabetes Prevention Trial-Type 1 (DPT-1) and TrialNet Natural History Study (TNNHS) participants were studied. A metabolic index, the T1D Diagnostic Index60 (Index60), was developed from 2-h oral glucose tolerance tests (OGTTs) using the log fasting C-peptide, 60-min C-peptide, and 60-min glucose. OGTTs with Index60 >/=2.00 and 2-h glucose <200 mg/dL (Ind60+Only) were compared with Index60 <2.00 and 2-h glucose >/=200 mg/dL (2hglu+Only) OGTTs as criteria for T1D. Individuals were assessed for C-peptide loss from the first Ind60+Only OGTT to diagnosis. RESULTS: Areas under receiver operating characteristic curves were significantly higher for Index60 than for the 2-h glucose (P < 0.001 for both DPT-1 and the TNNHS). As a diagnostic criterion, sensitivity was higher for Ind60+Only than for 2hglu+Only (0.44 vs. 0.15 in DPT-1; 0.26 vs. 0.17 in the TNNHS) OGTTs. Specificity was somewhat higher for 2hglu+Only OGTTs in DPT-1 (0.97 vs. 0.91) but equivalent in the TNNHS (0.98 for both). Positive and negative predictive values were higher for Ind60+Only OGTTs in both studies. Postchallenge C-peptide levels declined significantly at each OGTT time point from the first Ind60+Only OGTT to the time of standard diagnosis (range -22 to -34% in DPT-1 and -14 to -27% in the TNNHS). C-peptide and glucose patterns differed markedly between Ind60+Only and 2hglu+Only OGTTs. CONCLUSIONS: An approach based on prediction and natural history appears to have utility for diagnosing T1D.
Publisher: American Diabetes Association
Research Division(s): Population Health And Immunity
PubMed ID: 25519451
Link To PubMed Central Version: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4302258/
Publisher's Version: https://doi.org/10.2337/dc14-1813
Terms of Use/Rights Notice: Refer to copyright notice on published article.

Creation Date: 2016-02-29 12:20:50

Last Modified: 2019-04-01 09:09:06