Gut microbiome dysbiosis and increased intestinal permeability in children with islet autoimmunity and type 1 diabetes: A prospective cohort study

Harbison, JE; Roth-Schulze, AJ; Giles, LC; Tran, CD; Ngui, KM; Penno, MA; Thomson, RL; Wentworth, JM; Colman, PG; Craig, ME; Morahan, G; Papenfuss, AT; Barry, SC; Harrison, LC; Couper, JJ

Author(s): Harbison, JE; Roth-Schulze, AJ; Giles, LC; Tran, CD; Ngui, KM; Penno, MA; Thomson, RL; Wentworth, JM; Colman, PG; Craig, ME; Morahan, G; Papenfuss, AT; Barry, SC; Harrison, LC; Couper, JJ;
Details: Publication Year 2019-08,Volume 20,Issue #5,Page 574-583
Journal Title: Pediatric Diabetes
Publication Type: Journal Article
Abstract: AIMS/HYPOTHESIS: To investigate the longitudinal relationship between the gut microbiome, circulating short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and intestinal permeability in children with islet autoimmunity or type 1 diabetes and controls. METHODS: We analyzed the gut bacterial microbiome, plasma SCFAs, small intestinal permeability and dietary intake in 47 children with islet autoimmunity or recent-onset type 1 diabetes and in 41 unrelated or sibling controls over a median (range) of 13 (2-34) months follow-up. RESULTS: Children with multiple islet autoantibodies (>/=2 IA) or type 1 diabetes had gut microbiome dysbiosis. Anti-inflammatory Prevotella and Butyricimonas genera were less abundant and these changes were not explained by differences in diet. Small intestinal permeability measured by blood lactulose:rhamnose ratio was higher in type 1 diabetes. Children with >/=2 IA who progressed to type 1 diabetes (progressors), compared to those who did not progress, had higher intestinal permeability (mean [SE] difference +5.14 [2.0], 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.21, 9.07, P = .006), lower within-sample (alpha) microbial diversity (31.3 [11.2], 95% CI 9.3, 53.3, P = .005), and lower abundance of SCFA-producing bacteria. Alpha diversity (observed richness) correlated with plasma acetate levels in all groups combined (regression coefficient [SE] 0.57 [0.21], 95% CI 0.15, 0.99 P = .008). CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION: Children with >/=2 IA who progress to diabetes, like those with recent-onset diabetes, have gut microbiome dysbiosis associated with increased intestinal permeability. Interventions that expand gut microbial diversity, in particular SCFA-producing bacteria, may have a role to decrease progression to diabetes in children at-risk.
Publisher: Wiley
Research Division(s): Bioinformatics; Population Health And Immunity
PubMed ID: 31081243
Publisher's Version: https://doi.org/10.1111/pedi.12865
Terms of Use/Rights Notice: Refer to copyright notice on published article.

Creation Date: 2019-06-14 09:36:57

Last Modified: 2019-07-25 11:29:52