FSHD2- and BAMS-associated mutations confer opposing effects on SMCHD1 function

Gurzau, AD; Chen, K; Xue, S; Dai, W; Lucet, IS; Ly, TTN; Reversade, B; Blewitt, ME; Murphy, JM

Author(s): Gurzau, AD; Chen, K; Xue, S; Dai, W; Lucet, IS; Ly, TTN; Reversade, B; Blewitt, ME; Murphy, JM;
Details: Publication Year 2018-06,Volume 293,Issue #25,Page 9841-9853
Journal Title: Journal of Biological Chemistry
Publication Type: Journal Article
Abstract: Structural maintenance of chromosomes flexible hinge domain-containing 1 (Smchd1) plays important roles in epigenetic silencing and normal mammalian development. Recently, heterozygous mutations in SMCHD1 have been reported in two disparate disorders: facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy type 2 (FSHD2) and Bosma arhinia microphthalmia syndrome (BAMS). FSHD2-associated mutations lead to loss of function, however whether BAMS is associated with loss or gain of function mutations in SMCHD1 is unclear. Here, we have assessed the effect of SMCHD1 missense mutations from FSHD2 and BAMS patients on ATP hydrolysis activity, protein conformation and the effect of BAMS mutations on craniofacial development in a Xenopus model. These data demonstrated that FSHD2 mutations only result in decreased ATP hydrolysis, while many BAMS mutations can result in elevated ATPase activity, and decreased eye size in Xenopus Interestingly, a mutation reported in both an FSHD2 patient and a BAMS patient results in increased ATPase activity and a smaller Xenopus eye size. Mutations in the extended region C-terminal to the GHKL ATPase domain increased catalytic activity, suggesting critical regulatory intramolecular interactions, and the possibility of targeting this region therapeutically to boost SMCHD1's activity to counter FSHD.
Publisher: ASBMB
Research Division(s): Chemical Biology; Molecular Medicine; Cell Signalling And Cell Death
PubMed ID: 29748383
Publisher's Version: https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.RA118.003104
NHMRC Grants: NHMRC/1105754, NHMRC/1098290,
Terms of Use/Rights Notice: Refer to copyright notice on published article.

Creation Date: 2018-05-18 09:33:23

Last Modified: 2018-10-22 01:04:22