G protein-linked signaling pathways in bipolar and major depressive disorders

Tomita H; Ziegler ME; Kim HB; Evans SJ; Choudary PV; Li JZ; Meng F; Dai M; Myers RM; Neal CR; Speed TP; Barchas JD; Schatzberg AF; Watson SJ; Akil H; Jones EG; Bunney WE; Vawter MP

Author(s): Tomita H; Ziegler ME; Kim HB; Evans SJ; Choudary PV; Li JZ; Meng F; Dai M; Myers RM; Neal CR; Speed TP; Barchas JD; Schatzberg AF; Watson SJ; Akil H; Jones EG; Bunney WE; Vawter MP;
Journal Title: Frontiers in Genetics
Publication Type: Journal Article
Abstract: The G-protein linked signaling system (GPLS) comprises a large number of G-proteins, G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), GPCR ligands, and downstream effector molecules. G-proteins interact with both GPCRs and downstream effectors such as cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP), phosphatidylinositols, and ion channels. The GPLS is implicated in the pathophysiology and pharmacology of both major depressive disorder (MDD) and bipolar disorder (BPD). This study evaluated whether GPLS is altered at the transcript level. The gene expression in the dorsolateral prefrontal (DLPFC) and anterior cingulate (ACC) were compared from MDD, BPD, and control subjects using Affymetrix Gene Chips and real time quantitative PCR. High quality brain tissue was used in the study to control for confounding effects of agonal events, tissue pH, RNA integrity, gender, and age. GPLS signaling transcripts were altered especially in the ACC of BPD and MDD subjects. Transcript levels of molecules which repress cAMP activity were increased in BPD and decreased in MDD. Two orphan GPCRs, GPRC5B and GPR37, showed significantly decreased expression levels in MDD, and significantly increased expression levels in BPD. Our results suggest opposite changes in BPD and MDD in the GPLS, "activated" cAMP signaling activity in BPD and "blunted" cAMP signaling activity in MDD. GPRC5B and GPR37 both appear to have behavioral effects, and are also candidate genes for neurodegenerative disorders. In the context of the opposite changes observed in BPD and MDD, these GPCRs warrant further study of their brain effects.
Publisher: Frontiers Media
Keywords: G-protein coupled receptor (GPCR), transcriptome, bipolar disorder, major depressive disorder, GPR37, GPRC5B, cyclic AMP, phosphatidylinositol
Research Division(s): Bioinformatics
Publisher's Version: https://doi.org/10.3389/fgene.2013.00297
Open Access at Publisher's Site: http://www.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fgene.2013.00297/full
Terms of Use/Rights Notice: Copyright © 2013 Tomita, Ziegler, Kim, Evans, Choudary, Li, Meng, Dai, Myers, Neal, Speed, Barchas, Schatzberg, Watson, Akil, Jones, Bunney and Vawter. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

Creation Date: 2014-01-21 11:52:31