Caspase-8 has dual roles in regulatory T cell homeostasis balancing immunity to infection and collateral inflammatory damage
Details
Publication Year 2022-03-25,Volume 7,Issue #69,Page eabn8041
Journal Title
Science Immunology
Abstract
Targeting the potent immunosuppressive properties of FOXP3(+) regulatory T cells (T(regs)) has substantial therapeutic potential for treating autoimmune and inflammatory diseases. Yet, the molecular mechanisms controlling T(reg) homeostasis, particularly during inflammation, remain unclear. We report that caspase-8 is a central regulator of T(reg) homeostasis in a context-specific manner that is decisive during immune responses. In mouse genetic models, targeting caspase-8 in T(regs) led to accumulation of effector T(regs) resistant to apoptotic cell death. Conversely, inflammation induced the MLKL-dependent necroptosis of caspase-8-deficient lymphoid and tissue T(regs), which enhanced immunity to a variety of chronic infections to promote clearance of viral or parasitic pathogens. However, improved immunity came at the risk of lethal inflammation in overwhelming infections. Caspase-8 inhibition using a clinical-stage compound revealed that human T(regs) have heightened sensitivity to necroptosis compared with conventional T cells. These findings reveal a fundamental mechanism in T(regs) that could be targeted to manipulate the balance between immune tolerance versus response for therapeutic benefit.
Publisher
AAAS
Research Division(s)
Immunology; Blood Cells And Blood Cancer; Infectious Diseases And Immune Defence
PubMed ID
35333545
Terms of Use/Rights Notice
Refer to copyright notice on published article.


Creation Date: 2022-04-08 10:53:30
Last Modified: 2022-04-08 11:19:40
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