Continuous glucose monitoring has an increasing role in pre-symptomatic type 1 diabetes: advantages, limitations, and comparisons with laboratory-based testing

Joshi, K; Harris, M; Cotterill, A; Wentworth, JM; Couper, JJ; Haynes, A; Davis, EA; Lomax, KE; Huynh, T

Author(s): Joshi, K; Harris, M; Cotterill, A; Wentworth, JM; Couper, JJ; Haynes, A; Davis, EA; Lomax, KE; Huynh, T;
Details: Publication Year 2024-06-23,Volume 62,Issue #1,Page 41-49
Journal Title: Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine
Abstract: Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is well-recognised as a continuum heralded by the development of islet autoantibodies, progression to islet autoimmunity causing beta cell destruction, culminating in insulin deficiency and clinical disease. Abnormalities of glucose homeostasis are known to exist well before the onset of typical symptoms. Laboratory-based tests such as the oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and glycated haemoglobin (HbA(1c)) have been used to stage T1D and assess the risk of progression to clinical T1D. Continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) can detect early glycaemic abnormalities and can therefore be used to monitor for metabolic deterioration in pre-symptomatic, islet autoantibody positive, at-risk individuals. Early identification of these children can not only reduce the risk of presentation with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA), but also determine eligibility for prevention trials, which aim to prevent or delay progression to clinical T1D. Here, we describe the current state with regard to the use of the OGTT, HbA(1c), fructosamine and glycated albumin in pre-symptomatic T1D. Using illustrative cases, we present our clinical experience with the use of CGM, and advocate for an increased role of this diabetes technology, for monitoring metabolic deterioration and disease progression in children with pre-symptomatic T1D.
Publisher: De Gruyter
Keywords: autoantibodies; continuous glucose monitoring; dysglycaemia; intervention trials; pre-symptomatic diabetes; type 1 diabetes
Research Division(s): Population Health And Immunity
PubMed ID: 37349976
Publisher's Version: https://doi.org/10.1515/cclm-2023-0234
Open Access at Publisher's Site: https://doi.org/10.1515/cclm-2023-0234
Terms of Use/Rights Notice: Refer to copyright notice on published article.

Creation Date: 2023-06-30 02:16:10

Last Modified: 2024-01-22 09:17:27