Multidomain modifiable dementia risk factors are associated with poorer cognition in midlife

Bransby, L; Rosenich, E; Buckley, RF; Yassi, N; Pase, MP; Maruff, P; Lim, YY

Author(s): Bransby, L; Rosenich, E; Buckley, RF; Yassi, N; Pase, MP; Maruff, P; Lim, YY;
Details: Publication Year 2023-07,Volume 37,Issue #5,Page 582-594
Journal Title: Neuropsychology
Abstract: OBJECTIVE: Studies of modifiable dementia risk factors (MDRFs) generally consider MDRFs individually, despite strong evidence that they co-occur in adult populations. In a large sample of middle-aged adults, this study aimed to determine the frequency and co-occurrence of MDRFs, spanning five domains (mood symptomatology, risky lifestyle behaviors, cardiovascular conditions, cognitive/social engagement, sleep disorders/symptomatology). The relationship between number of domains in which MDRFs were reported with cognitive performance and subjective cognitive concerns was then determined. METHOD: Middle-aged adults (n = 1,610) enrolled in the Healthy Brain Project and completed self-report surveys about their health and lifestyle. Participants also completed the Cogstate Brief Battery and the Cognitive Function Instrument, a measure of subjective ratings of cognition. Participants were classified according to number of domains (mood symptomatology, risky lifestyle behaviors, cardiovascular conditions, cognitive/social engagement, sleep disorders/symptomatology) in which they reported at least one MDRF (0-5). Age, sex, education, and ethnicity were adjusted for in analyses. RESULTS: Most individuals (66.5%) reported MDRFs in two or more domains. Compared with individuals displaying no MDRFs, individuals with MDRFs in 3-5 domains showed worse learning/working memory performance and greater subjective cognitive concerns, with the magnitude of these differences moderate-to-large (d = 0.30-0.93). Individuals displaying MDRFs in five domains also showed worse attention/psychomotor function (d = 0.58) compared to those displaying no MDRFs. CONCLUSIONS: These findings may suggest that multidomain MDRFs are highly frequent in middle-aged adults and are related to poorer cognition. This supports that modifiable dementia risk is multidimensional and raises the possibility that multidomain behavioral intervention trials in middle-aged adults may be useful to delay or prevent cognitive impairment or decline. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).
Publisher: APA
Keywords: Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; *Affect; Attention; *Cardiovascular Diseases/epidemiology; *Cognition; Cognition Disorders/epidemiology/physiopathology/psychology; Cognitive Dysfunction/epidemiology/physiopathology/psychology; Cohort Studies; *Dementia/epidemiology/physiopathology/psychology; Learning; *Life Style; Memory, Short-Term; Prospective Studies; Psychomotor Performance; Risk Factors; *Sleep Wake Disorders/epidemiology; *Social Behavior
Research Division(s): Population Health And Immunity
PubMed ID: 36931817
Publisher's Version: https://doi.org/10.1037/neu0000900
Terms of Use/Rights Notice: Refer to copyright notice on published article.

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