Characteristics and risk factors of COVID-19 breakthrough infections in Idiopathic Inflammatory Myopathies: Results from the COVAD study
- Author(s)
- Hoff, LS; Naveen, R; Sen, P; Day, J; Joshi, M; Nune, A; Nikiphorou, E; Saha, S; Tan, AL; Shinjo, SK; Ziade, N; Velikova, T; Milchert, M; Jagtap, K; Parodis, I; Edgar Gracia-Ramos, A; Cavagna, L; Kuwana, M; Knitza, J; Chen, YM; Makol, A; Agarwal, V; Patel, A; Pauling, JD; Wincup, C; Barman, B; Zamora Tehozol, EA; Rojas Serrano, J; García-De La Torre, I; Colunga-Pedraza, IJ; Merayo-Chalico, J; Chibuzo, OC; Katchamart, W; Akarawatcharangura Goo, P; Shumnalieva, R; El Kibbi, L; Halabi, H; Vaidya, B; Shaharir, SS; Hasan, Atmt; Dey, D; Toro Gutiérrez, CE; Caballero-Uribe, CV; Lilleker, JB; Salim, B; Gheita, T; Chatterjee, T; Distler, O; Saavedra, MA; Chinoy, H; Agarwal, V; Aggarwal, R; Gupta, L;
- Journal Title
- Rheumatology
- Publication Type
- Mar 2 epub ahead of print
- Abstract
- OBJECTIVES: To explore prevalence, characteristics and risk factors of COVID-19 breakthrough infections (BIs) in idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIM) using data from the COVID-19 Vaccination in Autoimmune Diseases (COVAD) study. METHODS: A validated patient self-reporting e-survey was circulated by the COVAD study group to collect data on COVID-19 infection and vaccination in 2022. BIs were defined as COVID-19 occurring ≥14 days after 2 vaccine doses. We compared BIs characteristics and severity among IIMs, other autoimmune rheumatic and non-rheumatic diseases (AIRD, nrAID), and healthy controls (HC). Multivariable Cox regression models assessed the risk factors for BI, severe BI and hospitalisations among IIMs. RESULTS: Among 9449 included response, BIs occurred in 1447 (15.3%) respondents, median age 44 years (IQR 21), 77.4% female, and 182 BIs (12.9%) occurred among 1406 IIMs. Multivariable Cox regression among IIMs showed age as a protective factor for BIs [Hazard Ratio (HR)=0.98, 95%CI = 0.97-0.99], hydroxychloroquine and sulfasalazine use were risk factors (HR = 1.81, 95%CI = 1.24-2.64, and HR = 3.79, 95%CI = 1.69-8.42, respectively). Glucocorticoid use was a risk factor for severe BI (HR = 3.61, 95%CI = 1.09-11.8). Non-White ethnicity (HR = 2.61, 95%CI = 1.03-6.59) was a risk factor for hospitalisation. Compared with other groups, patients with IIMs required more supplemental oxygen therapy (IIM = 6.0% vs AIRD = 1.8%, nrAID = 2.2%, and HC = 0.9%), intensive care unit admission (IIM = 2.2% vs AIRD = 0.6%, nrAID, and HC = 0%), advanced treatment with antiviral or monoclonal antibodies (IIM = 34.1% vs AIRD = 25.8%, nrAID = 14.6%, and HC = 12.8%), and had more hospitalisation (IIM = 7.7% vs AIRD = 4.6%, nrAID = 1.1%, and HC = 1.5%). CONCLUSION: Patients with IIMs are susceptible to severe COVID-19 BI. Age and immunosuppressive treatments were related to the risk of BIs.
- Publisher
- Oxford Academic
- Keywords
- Covid-19; autoimmune diseases; breakthrough infection; hospitalisation; idiopathic inflammatory myopathies
- Research Division(s)
- Inflammation
- PubMed ID
- 38430474
- Publisher's Version
- https://doi.org/10.1093/rheumatology/keae128
- Terms of Use/Rights Notice
- Refer to copyright notice on published article.
Creation Date: 2024-03-04 01:53:16
Last Modified: 2024-03-04 01:54:49