Influence of vitamin D supplementation on growth, body composition, pubertal development and spirometry in South African schoolchildren: a randomised controlled trial (ViDiKids)

Middelkoop, K; Micklesfield, L; Stewart, J; Walker, N; Jolliffe, DA; Mendham, AE; Coussens, AK; Nuttall, J; Tang, J; Fraser, WD; Momand, W; Cooper, C; Harvey, NC; Wilkinson, RJ; Bekker, LG; Martineau, AR

Author(s): Middelkoop, K; Micklesfield, L; Stewart, J; Walker, N; Jolliffe, DA; Mendham, AE; Coussens, AK; Nuttall, J; Tang, J; Fraser, WD; Momand, W; Cooper, C; Harvey, NC; Wilkinson, RJ; Bekker, LG; Martineau, AR;
Details: Publication Year 2024-04-10,Volume 8,Issue #1,Page e002495
Journal Title: BMJ Paediatrics Open
Abstract: OBJECTIVE: To determine whether weekly oral vitamin D supplementation influences growth, body composition, pubertal development or spirometric outcomes in South African schoolchildren. DESIGN: Phase 3 double-blind randomised placebo-controlled trial. SETTING: Socioeconomically disadvantaged peri-urban district of Cape Town, South Africa. PARTICIPANTS: 1682 children of black African ancestry attending government primary schools and aged 6-11 years at baseline. INTERVENTIONS: Oral vitamin D(3) (10 000 IU/week) versus placebo for 3 years. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Height-for-age and body mass index-for-age, measured in all participants; Tanner scores for pubertal development, spirometric lung volumes and body composition, measured in a subset of 450 children who additionally took part in a nested substudy. RESULTS: Mean serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D(3) concentration at 3-year follow-up was higher among children randomised to receive vitamin D versus placebo (104.3 vs 64.7 nmol/L, respectively; mean difference (MD) 39.7 nmol/L, 95% CI 37.6 to 41.9 nmol/L). No statistically significant differences in height-for-age z-score (adjusted MD (aMD) -0.08, 95% CI -0.19 to 0.03) or body mass index-for-age z-score (aMD -0.04, 95% CI -0.16 to 0.07) were seen between vitamin D versus placebo groups at follow-up. Among substudy participants, allocation to vitamin D versus placebo did not influence pubertal development scores, % predicted forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1), % predicted forced vital capacity (FVC), % predicted FEV1/FVC, fat mass or fat-free mass. CONCLUSIONS: Weekly oral administration of 10 000 IU vitamin D(3) boosted vitamin D status but did not influence growth, body composition, pubertal development or spirometric outcomes in South African schoolchildren. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBERS: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02880982, South African National Clinical Trials Register DOH-27-0916-5527.
Publisher: BMJ Journals
Keywords: Child; Humans; Body Composition; Cholecalciferol/therapeutic use; *Cholestanes/therapeutic use; Dietary Supplements; South Africa/epidemiology; Spirometry; Vitamin D/therapeutic use; *Vitamin D Deficiency/drug therapy; Vitamins/therapeutic use; Double-Blind Method; Adolescent Health; Growth
Research Division(s): Infectious Diseases And Immune Defence
PubMed ID: 38599800
Publisher's Version: https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjpo-2024-002495
Open Access at Publisher's Site: https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjpo-2024-002495
Terms of Use/Rights Notice: Refer to copyright notice on published article.

Creation Date: 2025-01-20 02:13:58

Last Modified: 2025-01-21 10:48:42