Can antiglycolipid antibodies present in HIV-infected individuals induce immune demyelination?
- Author(s)
- Petratos, S; Gonzales, MF;
- Details
- Publication Year 2000-12,Volume 20,Issue #4,Page 257-272
- Journal Title
- NEUROPATHOLOGY
- Publication Type
- Journal Article
- Abstract
- Of the eight clinically defined neuropathies associated with HIV infection, there is compelling evidence that acute and chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (IDPN) have an autoimmune pathogenesis. Many non-HIV infected individuals who suffer from sensorymotor nerve dysfunction have autoimmune indicators. The immunopathogenesis of demyelination must involve neuritogenic components in myelin. The various antigens suspected to play a role in HIV-seronegative IDPN include (i) P-2 protein; (ii) sulfatide (GalS); (iii) various gangliosides (especially GM(1)); (iv) galactocerebroside (GalC); and (v) glycoproteins or glycolipids with the carbohydrate epitope glucuronyl-3-sulfate. These glycoproteins or glycolipids may be individually targeted, or an immune attack may be raised against a combination of any of these epitopes. The glycolipids, however, especially GalS, have recently evoked much interest as mediators of immune events underlying both non-HIV and HIV-associated demyelinating neuropathies. The present review outlines the recent research findings of antiglycolipid antibodies present in HIV-infected patients with and without peripheral nerve dysfunction, in an attempt to arrive at some consensus as to whether these antibodies may play a role in the immunopathogenesis of HIV-associated inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy.
- Publisher
- WILEY-BLACKWELL
- Keywords
- GUILLAIN-BARRE-SYNDROME; HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; MYELIN-ASSOCIATED GLYCOPROTEIN; ANTI-SULFATIDE ANTIBODIES; PERIPHERAL-NERVE MYELIN; AMYOTROPHIC-LATERAL-SCLEROSIS; MULTIFOCAL MOTOR NEUROPATHY; MILLER FISHER SYNDROME; SEMLIKI FOREST VIRUS; T-CELL RECOGNITION
- Publisher's Version
- https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1440-1789.2000.00356.x
- Terms of Use/Rights Notice
- Refer to copyright notice on published article.
Creation Date: 2000-12-01 12:00:00