Accurate and robust genomic prediction of celiac disease using statistical learning
- Author(s)
- Abraham, G; Tye-Din, JA; Bhalala, OG; Kowalczyk, A; Zobel, J; Inouye, M;
- Details
- Publication Year 2014-02,Volume 10,Issue #2,Page e1004137
- Journal Title
- PLoS genetics
- Publication Type
- Journal Article
- Abstract
- Practical application of genomic-based risk stratification to clinical diagnosis is appealing yet performance varies widely depending on the disease and genomic risk score (GRS) method. Celiac disease (CD), a common immune-mediated illness, is strongly genetically determined and requires specific HLA haplotypes. HLA testing can exclude diagnosis but has low specificity, providing little information suitable for clinical risk stratification. Using six European cohorts, we provide a proof-of-concept that statistical learning approaches which simultaneously model all SNPs can generate robust and highly accurate predictive models of CD based on genome-wide SNP profiles. The high predictive capacity replicated both in cross-validation within each cohort (AUC of 0.87-0.89) and in independent replication across cohorts (AUC of 0.86-0.9), despite differences in ethnicity. The models explained 30-35% of disease variance and up to approximately 43% of heritability. The GRS's utility was assessed in different clinically relevant settings. Comparable to HLA typing, the GRS can be used to identify individuals without CD with >/=99.6% negative predictive value however, unlike HLA typing, fine-scale stratification of individuals into categories of higher-risk for CD can identify those that would benefit from more invasive and costly definitive testing. The GRS is flexible and its performance can be adapted to the clinical situation by adjusting the threshold cut-off. Despite explaining a minority of disease heritability, our findings indicate a genomic risk score provides clinically relevant information to improve upon current diagnostic pathways for CD and support further studies evaluating the clinical utility of this approach in CD and other complex diseases.
- Publisher
- Public Library of Science
- Research Division(s)
- Immunology
- Publisher's Version
- https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1004137
- Open Access at Publisher's Site
http://www.plosgenetics.org/article/info%3Adoi%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pgen.1004137- Terms of Use/Rights Notice
- Copyright: © 2014 Abraham et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited
Creation Date: 2014-04-16 08:43:39